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Peroral endoscopic myotomy is a minimally invasive (less traumatic with faster recovery) procedure that helps treat achalasia (a form of swallowing disorder). Achalasia is an uncommon medical condition where the lower esophageal sphincter muscles (LES) abnormally tighten and fail to relax, not allowing foods and liquids to pass into the stomach.
LES is a ring of muscles in the lower part of the esophagus (food pipe connecting the throat with the stomach) responsible for allowing foods to pass through it and enter the stomach. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is the latest approach that uses an endoscope (a special device in the form of a long flexible tube that consists of a light source and a tiny camera at the tip) to treat swallowing disorders like achalasia.
Read more about peroral endoscopic myotomy, its indications, procedure, benefits, and potential associated risks.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an advanced, minimally invasive surgical procedure that treats achalasia by dividing the inner circular muscle layer of the LES into a tunnel and cutting the affected muscle (myotomy) to facilitate easy passage of food and liquids from the esophagus into the stomach. The entire procedure is performed using a flexible endoscope instead of large external incisions. The camera present at the tip of the endoscope captures images of the interior and projects them on a large screen that guides the surgeon to perform the surgery.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy is recommended in the treatment of achalasia which is caused due to damage to the surrounding nerves around the esophagus, impairing its normal function. The lower esophageal sphincter muscles are damaged, which eventually tighten and restrict the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach. This leads to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), chest pain, heartburn, GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), malnutrition, and weight loss.
Other conditions treated by POEM include:
Before you undergo peroral endoscopic myotomy, you will need to undergo a series of diagnostic tests to evaluate your overall health, which include:
To prepare you for the surgery:
On the day of your surgery, you will be kept in the waiting area while your vitals (BP, blood sugar, pulse, heart rate, and oxygen levels) are checked.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy is a safe procedure that helps you relieve symptoms of achalasia. After the surgery, you can expect the following:
Peroral endoscopic myotomy is a safe and effective alternative to the traditional open myotomy with the following benefits and risks:
Benefits
Risks
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